Ethanol

The molecular formula of ethanol is C₂H₅OH, which can also be written as EtOH, where Et represents the ethyl group. It is a type of alcohol and the main component of alcoholic beverages, commonly known as alcohol. At room temperature and standard pressure, it is a flammable, volatile, colorless, and transparent liquid. Its aqueous solution has a distinctive, pleasant aroma and is slightly irritating. Ethanol has a wide range of applications, including the production of acetic acid, beverages, fragrances, dyes, fuels, and more. In the medical field, ethanol with a volume concentration of 70%–75% is commonly used as a disinfectant.

Basic Introduction 
　　Ethanol is a type of alcohol and the main component of alcoholic beverages, hence it is also known as alcohol, and in some places, it is colloquially called firewater. Its chemical formula can also be written as C₂H₅OH or EtOH, where Et represents the ethyl group. Ethanol is flammable and is commonly used as a fuel, solvent, and disinfectant, as well as in the production of other compounds. Industrial alcohol contains a small amount of methanol, while medical alcohol mainly refers to ethanol with a concentration of about 75%, and also includes other concentrations of alcohol widely used in medicine. Ethanol and dimethyl ether are isomers.

Physical and Chemical Constants 
　　Density: 0.78945 g/cm³
　　Melting Point: -114.3 °C (158.8 K)
　　Boiling Point: 78.4 °C (351.6 K)
　　When dissolved in water: pKa =15.9
　　Viscosity: 1.200 mPa·s (cP), 20.0 °C
　　Molecular Dipole Moment: 5.64 fC·fm (1.69 D) (gas)
　　Refractive Index: 1.3614
　　Relative Density (water=1): 0.79