Copper(II) sulfate

CuSO₄ (Chemical formula: CuSO₄) is a common inorganic compound. Here is detailed information about it:

1. Basic Properties

- Appearance:

  - Anhydrous CuSO₄: White or grayish-white powder.

  - Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO₄·5H₂O): Blue crystals (most common form).

- Solubility: Highly soluble in water; aqueous solution is weakly acidic.

- Hygroscopicity: Anhydrous CuSO₄ absorbs moisture and turns into blue pentahydrate (can be used to detect moisture).

2. Main Uses

- Agriculture: Fungicide (e.g., Bordeaux mixture, mixed with lime).

- Industry:

  - Electrolyte for copper electroplating.

  - Mordant in textiles.

- Laboratory:

  - Moisture detection (anhydrous CuSO₄ turns blue upon contact with water).

  - Source of copper or catalyst in chemical experiments.

- Others: Feed additive (requires strict dosage control).

3. Safety Precautions

- Toxicity: Excessive ingestion may cause nausea and vomiting; severe cases can lead to liver and kidney damage.

- Protection: Wear gloves and goggles during handling; avoid inhaling dust.

- Environment: Toxic to aquatic life; waste liquids must be properly disposed of.