GBT14598 Measuring Relay Electromagnetic Compatibility Test

The Beijing Yizong Institute Electromagnetic Compatibility Laboratory provides electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing services in accordance with GB/T 14598.26-2015 "Measuring Relays and Protection Equipment - Part 26: Electromagnetic Compatibility Requirements." This is a key standard for EMC testing of relay protection equipment, and its content is equivalent to IEC 60255-26:2013. Below is an analysis of the electromagnetic compatibility test items and corresponding test methods required by this standard:

1. Electrostatic Discharge Immunity Test (ESD)

Test Purpose: To verify the equipment's immunity to electrostatic discharge.

Test Method:

Reference Standard: GB/T 17626.2 (IEC 61000-4-2)

Test Level: Contact discharge ±4kV (Severity Level 3), Air discharge ±8kV (Severity Level 4).

Application Points: Equipment enclosure, operation panel, ports, and other accessible parts.

Pass Criteria: After the test, the equipment function should meet Performance Criterion B (temporary performance degradation that can self-recover).

2. Radiated, Radio-Frequency, Electromagnetic Field Immunity Test

Test Purpose: To evaluate the equipment's immunity to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields.

Test Method:

Reference Standard: GB/T 17626.3 (IEC 61000-4-3)

Test Frequency Range: 80MHz~1GHz (or extended to 2.5GHz).

Field Strength: 10V/m (Severity Level 3).

Modulation: 80% AM modulated 1kHz sine wave.

Pass Criteria: Performance Criterion A (no impact during normal operation) or B.

3. Electrical Fast Transient/Burst Immunity Test (EFT/Burst)

Test Purpose: To verify the equipment's immunity to fast transient bursts on power or signal lines.

Test Method:

Reference Standard: GB/T 17626.4 (IEC 61000-4-4)

Test Level:

Power Ports: ±2kV (Severity Level 3) or ±4kV (Severity Level 4).

Signal/Control Ports: ±1kV (Severity Level 3).

Repetition Frequency: 5kHz or 100kHz.

Pass Criteria: Performance Criterion B.

4. Surge Immunity Test (Surge)

Test Purpose: To test the equipment's withstand capability against surge impacts on power or communication lines.

Test Method:

Reference Standard: GB/T 17626.5 (IEC 61000-4-5)

Test Waveform: 1.2/50μs (voltage wave), 8/20μs (current wave).

Test Level:

Power Ports: ±2kV (line-to-ground), ±1kV (line-to-line).

Signal Ports: ±1kV (Severity Level 3).

Pass Criteria: Performance Criterion B.

5. Immunity to Conducted Disturbances, Induced by Radio-Frequency Fields

Test Purpose: To evaluate the equipment's immunity to conducted radio-frequency disturbances.

Test Method:

Reference Standard: GB/T 17626.6 (IEC 61000-4-6)

Frequency Range: 150kHz~80MHz.

Test Level: 10V/m (Severity Level 3).

Coupling Method: CDN (Coupling and Decoupling Network) or current clamp.

Pass Criteria: Performance Criterion A or B.

6. Power Frequency Magnetic Field Immunity Test

Test Purpose: To verify the equipment's performance stability under power frequency magnetic fields.

Test Method:

Reference Standard: GB/T 17626.8 (IEC 61000-4-8)

Magnetic Field Strength: 100A/m (Severity Level 5, applicable to harsh industrial environments).

Frequency: 50Hz or 60Hz.

Pass Criteria: Performance Criterion A.

7. Pulsed Magnetic Field Immunity Test

Test Purpose: To test the equipment's immunity to pulsed magnetic fields (e.g., caused by lightning strikes or short-circuit faults).

Test Method:

Reference Standard: GB/T 17626.9 (IEC 61000-4-9)

Magnetic Field Strength: 300A/m (Severity Level 4).

Waveform: 6.4/16μs pulse.

Pass Criteria: Performance Criterion A or B.

8. Damped Oscillatory Magnetic Field Immunity Test

Test Purpose: To evaluate the equipment's immunity to damped oscillatory magnetic fields (e.g., in high-voltage substation environments).

Test Method:

Reference Standard: GB/T 17626.10 (IEC 61000-4-10)

Magnetic Field Strength: 30A/m (Severity Level 3).

Frequency: 100kHz or 1MHz.

Pass Criteria: Performance Criterion A.

9. Voltage Dips, Short Interruptions and Voltage Variations Immunity Test

Test Purpose: To verify the equipment's performance during grid voltage fluctuations or interruptions.

Test Method:

Reference Standard: GB/T 17626.11 (IEC 61000-4-11)

Test Conditions:

Voltage Dips: 0% residual voltage, lasting 10ms (half cycle) or 1s.

Short Interruptions: 0% residual voltage, lasting 5s.

Pass Criteria: Performance Criterion B or C (requires restoration to normal operation).

10. Oscillatory Waves Immunity Test (Ring Wave and Damped Oscillatory Wave)

Test Purpose: To simulate oscillatory wave interference caused by switching operations or lightning.

Test Method:

Reference Standard: GB/T 17626.12 (IEC 61000-4-12) and GB/T 17626.18 (IEC 61000-4-18).

Test Level:

Ring Wave (100kHz): ±2.5kV (power ports), ±1kV (signal ports).

Damped Oscillatory Wave (1MHz/100kHz): Common mode ±2.5kV.

Pass Criteria: Performance Criterion B.

Performance Criteria Explanation

• Criterion A: No performance degradation during and after the test under normal operation.
• Criterion B: Temporary performance degradation is allowed during the test, but it must automatically recover afterward.
• Criterion C: Manual intervention (e.g., reset) is required to restore normal operation after the test.

Summary

This standard covers the immunity requirements of relay protection equipment in complex electromagnetic environments, with test items spanning the entire frequency range from low-frequency power frequency magnetic fields to high-frequency radio-frequency interference. Testing must be conducted in a laboratory environment using equipment and methods specified by the standard to ensure equipment reliability in real working conditions. In practical applications, the severity level (e.g., Severity Level 4 for densely industrial areas) should be selected based on the product's usage environment.

The Beijing Yizong Institute Electromagnetic Compatibility Laboratory is located at No. A397, Guang'anmenwai Street, Xicheng District, Beijing (near Beijing West Railway Station South Square). It provides services including electromagnetic compatibility testing, environmental testing (high temperature, low temperature, constant humidity, alternating humidity), IP protection level testing (IP65, IP68, IP69, etc.), vibration testing, and more.