Drinking water equipment

Process Flow

1. Raw Water Tank Stores raw water to allow sedimentation of large silt particles and other settleable substances. It also buffers the impact of unstable water pressure in the raw water pipeline on the water treatment system (e.g., pressure sensor responses due to excessively low or high water pressure).

2. Raw Water Pump Maintains a constant water supply pressure and stabilizes the water flow rate.

3. Multi-Media Filter Utilizes a filter with multiple filtration layers, primarily aimed at removing particles larger than 20um from the raw water, such as silt, rust, colloidal substances, and suspended solids. It can be operated manually via valves or automatically with a controller for backwashing, forward washing, and other procedures. This ensures water quality and extends the equipment's service life.

4. Activated Carbon Filter The system employs a shell-based activated carbon filter. Activated carbon not only adsorbs electrolyte ions but also facilitates ion exchange adsorption. It reduces the potassium permanganate oxygen consumption (COD) from 15mg/L (O₂) to 2–7mg/L (O₂). Additionally, due to adsorption, the concentration of surface-adsorbed substances increases, providing a catalytic effect. It removes color, odors, a significant amount of biochemical organic matter, reduces residual chlorine levels, eliminates pesticide pollutants, and removes trihalomethanes (THM) and other contaminants from water. The equipment also features a self-maintenance system with low operating costs.

5. Ion Softening System/Dosing System For the reverse osmosis (R/O) unit, to manage the concentration and discharge of dissolved solids and utilize freshwater, an ion softening system or an appropriate scale inhibitor is used before the water enters the reverse osmosis membrane module. This prevents scale formation—such as carbonates, SiO₂, and sulfates—on the concentrated water side, particularly in the final membrane element, which could damage the membrane's properties.

6. Precision Filter Employs a precision filter to remove residual suspended solids, non-straight particles, and colloids from the incoming water, ensuring safer and more reliable operation of subsequent equipment like the RO system. The filter cartridge is a 5μm melt-blown type, designed to capture impurities larger than 5μm that may have passed through previous filtration stages, preventing them from entering the reverse osmosis unit and damaging the membrane surface or its desalination performance.

7. Reverse Osmosis System The reverse osmosis unit applies sufficient pressure to force the solvent (usually water) through a semi-permeable membrane, separating it from solutes. This process is called reverse osmosis because it opposes natural osmosis. It is suitable for raw water with varying salinity levels, particularly in high-salinity water treatment projects, offering excellent technical and economic benefits. Reverse osmosis provides high desalination rates, high recovery efficiency, stable operation, compact footprint, and ease of use. Besides desalination, it also removes most bacteria, colloids, and high-molecular-weight organic compounds.

8. Ozone Sterilizer/UV Sterilizer (Optional) Eliminates bacteria resulting from secondary contamination, thoroughly ensuring the sanitary quality of the finished water. Raw Water → Raw Water Tank → Raw Water Pump → Multi-Media Filter (Quartz Sand Filter) → Activated Carbon Filter → Soft Water Processor (with Scale Inhibitor Dosing Device) → Precision Filter → High-Pressure Pump → Primary Reverse Osmosis (RO) Unit → UV Sterilization Unit (Ozone Sterilization Unit) → Point of Use